Saturday, April 13, 2019

US: WE HAVE MET THE ENEMIES AND THEY ARE US


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 By Biko Agozino

The film, US, written, directed and co-produced by Jordan Peele, is a clever metaphor for the United States of America. The statement that ‘we have met the enemy and he is us' is attributed to popular US characters from Abraham Lincoln, to Rooselvelt and to the cartoon character, Pogo. This was repeated by the mirror image of Lupita Nyongo’s characters (Adelaide Wilson and the double, Red) who said in a strange foreign accent, ‘we are American’.



The film is a horror story with the moral that the greatest threat to the US is literally, us. It is a fact that domestic terrorism kills more people in the US than foreign terrorists every year. For African Americans, the greatest threat is fellow African Americans and for white Americans, the greatest threat is fellow white Americans.  Women killed women and children killed children in 'US'. There is evidence that people kill more of the people that they know or people who look like them than they kill total strangers or enemies.

Exceptions to this criminological law of domestic terrorism as mass ‘homeycide’ is when white people travel thousands of miles to invade and conquer indigenous people and commit genocide against them to steal their land, labor and resources. But even then, they kill lots of fellow white people to decide which group would be the ones to claim ownership over new colonies and the wealth therein. The scramble for Africa was what led to both the first and the second imperialist world wars in which an estimated 80 million, mostly white people, were killed by people who looked like them, according to W.E.B. Du Bois.

The germinal idea of the movie is that everyone has a shadow that we tend to ignore while we have fun without realizing that the shadow people are jealous of us and would like to come out of the shadows to enjoy the good things in life. The quotation of Jeremiah 11:11 may mislead many into thinking that the epidemic of violence in the world was brought by God who refuses to listen to cries for help because the people are wicked sinners. But as Ola Rotimi stated in his reinterpretation of Oedipus Rex during the genocidal war against Biafra in Nigeria, The Gods Are Not To Blame.

A father (Winston Duke as Gabe Wilson and the double Abraham) obsessed with winning fair-ground games, neglected to watch over his daughter who wandered off and found herself in an attraction spot that invited the visitor to ‘find yourself’. The distraction that digital games cause in families is imagined here. The young girl entered the house of mirrors and found her own double image who yearned to come out of the mirror and join her in the real world but she screamed and ran out of the place (or she was kidnapped by the mirror image and chained to a bed to enable her to steal the identity of the girl, a twist in the tale suggested towards the end, spoiler alert).

The trauma made the girl unable to speak until a psychiatrist advised her parents to try arts therapy and ballet classes that she ended up enjoying with the invisible shadow. Now grown up with a middle class family of her own, the woman (Lupita Nyongo) is persuaded by her rich husband to go back to the fair-ground beach for a family holiday and she reluctantly agrees. Then she realizes that she was not the only one with a living shadow, everyone is followed by a shadow that wishes to kill the original and replace them in the world with the simulacra shadow images.

The family is attacked in their holiday home by a family that looks exactly like them. ‘They are us’, they realized. In shock, they tried to run away but the shadow remained with them. They fled in their new boat to their white family friends for help when the police failed to answer their 911 calls. But they only found that the shadows of the white family had already murdered them while Alexa played 'Fuck the Police' by N.W.A. instead of calling the police as the frightened white woman had requested. The African American family that fled from their own house now fought back and killed the mass murderer white shadow clones that killed their white family friends. This is probably an allusion to the fact that people of African descent fought in the wars between European nations to save one group from being murdered by another group of white people. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.

Contributing to the discourse of gun control, the movie created a world without guns but the crude weapons of scissors and baseball bats, arson and spear wielded by the heroic family and the triumphant shadows dressed in red show that guns are not the only deadly weapons of mass destruction. 

The root cause of the violence, the movie suggested, is that while parents scream at their son for saying to his sister, 'Kiss my ass', the same parents were happy to invite the children to sing along to a song that glorified drugs addiction. The white family drank hard liquor as medicine but neither family ever sat down to nourish the body with food or sleep nor was there any schooling for the children. A teenage girl was congratulated by her parents for using a car as a weapon with which to kill another teenage girl that looked like her and her mother went to make sure that she was dead. Her brother set his own clone on fire by mere will power after watching his mother stab another woman to death. The father even boasted of killing himself. Something is terribly wrong with a society in which parents bragged with their children about who killed more people that looked like them.

The shadow attackers were forming a human chain by holding hands across the map of the US but holding hands represented division between humans and shadows instead of global unity. By dressing them in red, the film director may be suggesting that they represented a communist threat from a different world out there. In reality, the threat of the revenge of the mirror people is a home-grown threat, the film emphasizes, though the guttural foreign accent of the mirror people feeds into xenophobia.

The film echoes the postmodern theory of Jean Baudrillard who imagined what it would feel like for the mirror images to take a revenge against the real world or what he called the revenge of the crystal. What if virtual reality murders reality and replaces everything with the simulacrum to such an extent that what matters is the difference between good and evil and not the distinction between real and fake? He concluded that the result would be a fatal strategy according to which:

... the human being can find a greater boredom in vacations than in everyday life- a boredom intensified because comprised of all the elements of happiness and distraction. The main point is the predestination of vacations to boredom, the bitter and triumphal presentiment of its inescapability. Do people really disavow their everyday life when they seek an alternative to it ~ On the contrary, they embrace it as their fate: they intensify it in appearances of the contrary, they immerse themselves in it to the point of ecstasy, and they confirm the monotony of it by an even greater monotony. If one doesn't understand that, one understands nothing of this collective stupefaction, since it is a magnificent act of excess. l'm not joking: people don't want to be amused, they seek a fatal distraction.  Jean Baudrillard, Fatal Strategies.

The hidden message of the film is that if we are our own worst enemies, then we could actually secure more peace by loving ourselves more. Instead of saying that sometimes you want to kill your husband just for fixing you a drink, how about saying thanks? Instead of grabbing a baseball bat to confront the mirror image at the driveway who are probably neighbors, why not try inviting them in for a drink? Peacemaking Criminology by Pepinsky and others suggests that we can choose to go down the path of peace and reject the path of war because war leads to more violence.

Once you know that the people attacking you are your mirror images, why not smile and say that the only way they could hurt you is if you hurt yourself because they are just mimic people. Unfortunately, the real world glamorizes suicide and warfare more than loving acts of kindness and so there are no Love Institutes around the world where Military Schools are preferred. Love the enemy as yourself because sometimes you are your own worst enemy, implied Martin Luther King Jr., following the gospel of Jesus Christ.

 Dr. Agozino is a Professor of Sociology and Africana Studies, Virginia Tech.

Sunday, April 7, 2019

Native @ Virginia Tech Pow Wow 2019


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By Biko Agozino

After many years of community organizing, The students, faculty and staff active in Native@VT succeeded in securing an office and community meeting room in the students' Center and got the University administration to pass a resolution honoring the Indigenous Peoples who own the land on which the institution was built. 

During the 2019 third annual Pow Wow, April 6, 2019, the students, staff, and faculty collectively read clauses, one after the other, from the resolution passed by the University to recognize American Indian Native Day every October 1 to honor those who own, heal and protect the land. 

Music is a part of the healing, said the announcer who remarked that some of the dances were known as Indian aerobics. None of the dancers, from little children to adult men and ladies, showed any signs of obesity. Indigenous Peoples came from far and near to mark the event.

I heard the wailing mournful singing and heart-thumping drumming before I reached the Graduate School front court to behold the fancy dancers. Although some of the displays were called Inter Tribal dances, they were not wars or competition to see who danced better than others; they were opportunities to see different dance and dress styles without judging the taste to see which one beats others, the announcer said while insisting that he did not see himself as the Master of Ceremony.

‘To walk in beauty is to celebrate the Sacred Dance of Life, to join the Circle with an open mind and an open heart, and to move at our own pace with clarity, kindness and a sense of calm. To walk in beauty is to understand and to practice the way of right relationship and to appreciate all the beauty that exists both within and all around us.’ – Garrett and Garrett (1996), Medicine of the Cherokee: The Way of Right Relationship, Santa Fe, Beers & Company. One of the vendors sold this book to me and I said that it was priceless.

The maintenance of social equality in styles of dressing, housing, and in Indigenous law, despite having princesses and chiefs, was dismissed by Andrew Carnegie in his ‘Gospel of Wealth’ as evidence that they were uncivilized compared to hierarchical capitalist societies. According to him, it is best for a wealthy man (always a man) to use 'his' wealth to build a library for the benefit of ‘the race’ (his white race, since libraries were for whites only though poor whites did not use them either) while founding a Trust for the modest support of his heirs and leaving slightly more for his widow and heiresses.

A colleague commented as follows: 'It is ironic and fitting that you would mention Andrew Carnegie.  In the 1920s the Carnegie Foundation funded a major eugenic study that targeted the Monacan Tribe.  The investigators (Estabrook and McDougal) came into the community under the guise of friendship, and even though they used thinly disguised pseudonyms, they produced a horrible work entitled "Mongrel Virginians," characterizing the community as a degenerate population as a result of rising races.  When I first came to VT in 1999 it was still in the regular stacks.'

Indigenous nations demonstrate that human beings produced surplus wealth for thousands of years without creating a single beggar nor a single millionaire because all hands were joined together to manage the resources of the society for the equal benefit of all, according to Julius Nyerere

When the Indigenous dancers join hands and go round and round in a shifting circular motion that is deliberately kept open, they are not simply building a human chain but demonstrating human unity: there is neither master nor servant and no gender, generational, religious or racial hierarchies.

The music was haunting and there were not many smiling faces among the dancers who trotted at their own paces as if still on the Trail of Tears while the big drum shared by multiple drummers hammered out the rhythm of the march as constant reminders of the oppressive history being commemorated. 

But it was not only sadness that was being remembered, there was also a constant rhetorical question from the announcer to the audience, ‘Are you all enjoying yourselves?’ And the response was always a yell of something between joy and moaning.

I recognized some of the dance moves as those of warriors lobbing off the heads of invisible monsters to the beat of the drums because I come from a culture that also has a warrior dance. The name of one of the tribes, Chikohmimi, also sounds familiar to my Igbo language and their symbol, the turtle, is also symbol of wisdom in my culture where the turtle outlives the predator species by many years through wisdom and not through violence.

Some of the native names near the university such as Ironto, Chilhowie, Shenandoah, and Kanawah have literal Igbo meanings to support archeological and linguistic evidence from Catherine Acholonu that all the world languages originated from one mother language and remain similar to such an extent that there is no language that is not related to others. 

Douglass Chambers documented evidence in Murder at Montpelier that the 'Igbo Africans' were the group most enslaved in Virginia. On the campus of Virginia Tech, there is still a slave plantation now used as a tourist attraction and there are still buildings named after slave holders and after Confederate generals who fought to keep slavery going. Following concerns by students, the administration set up a committee on historical names which resolved to retain the names but proposed to add plaques on the biographies of the individuals honored with such place names.

Gregg McVicar, host and producer of NPR UnderCurrents on Native Voice One wrote that the history of Native American Indian music, Blues music, Jazz and Rock and Roll flows like a great river sharing traditions and styles of tributes by the oppressed Indigenous Peoples, enslaved Africans and the poor working-class men and women in the US and around the world. 

Dr. Agozino is a Professor of Sociology and Africana Studies and also Affiliated to American Indian Native Studies, Women and Gender Studies, ASPECT, and the Criminology Major programs, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.

Wednesday, April 3, 2019

Book of Essays

Hot off the press. Biko Agozino (2019) Essays on Education and Popular Culture: Massliteracy, Newcastle upon Tyne, Cambridge Scholars Press. Ask your university libraries and your public libraries to order copies. Your students will thank you for the smart study skills. https://www.cambridgescholars.com/search…

If you look for some essays on this blog and cannot find them, you will find the updated versions in the new book. Follow the link above.

Thanks for your support.

Biko